Full Description

This paper begins by providing a brief overview of twomajor categories under which all types of supplier water loss occurrences fall. Apparentlosses are essentially "paper" losses and consist of customer use which is not recordeddue to metering error, incorrect assumptions of unmeasured use, or unauthorizedconsumption. Real losses are defined as the physical escape of water from thedistribution system, and include leakage and overflows prior to the point of end use. The hidden costs of real losses are discussed, along with potential health risks from leakage and breaks, a 2001 Awwa Research Foundation (now known as the Water Research Foundation) report titled "Pathogen Intrusion into the Distribution System" that studied infiltration under two conditions, and an example of using performance contracting to optimize water loss by the City of Kingsport, Tennessee. Includes table, figures.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 11/01/2009 Number of Pages: 17File Size: 1 file , 7.8 MB